What causes major depression disorder/clinical depression?

Kevin Mangelschots·22/07/2025·0 comments

Several factors interact since MDD is considered multifactorial:

  1. Biological

Imbalances in neurotransmitters like serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine play a role.

  1. Genetics

Family history increases the risk. Heritability is estimated at around 40–50%.

  1. Psychological

Negative thinking patterns, low self-esteem, and trauma histories are common in those with MDD.

  1. Environmental
    A couple looking sad after a fight and sitting in different parts of the house.

Chronic stress, loss of a loved one, financial issues, or abuse can trigger or exacerbate symptoms.

  1. Medical conditions

Chronic illness, hormonal disorders (like thyroid issues), and neurological conditions can be related.

  1. Brain changes in MDD

Neuroimaging studies have shown structural and functional changes in the brains of people with MDD:

    • Decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex (affecting decision-making and emotional regulation).
    • Smaller hippocampus, which is associated with memory and stress regulation.
    • Overactive amygdala, heightening emotional responses (especially negative ones).

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Kevin

Hi there, I’m Kevin Mangelschots! A little more about myself: - I'm 33 years old. - I’m a registered, licensed, and practicing therapist with a bachelor’s degree in occupational therapy. - Currently practicing at a rehabilitation center located in Belgium. Longtime fitness and gaming enthusiast. - Turned towards psychology, philosophy, mental health, and self-improvement to improve my chronic depression. - My goal is to share evidence-based information with the world that I know is helpful and useful to improve depression and overall well-being. In short, I’m just a guy trying to make sense of the world by thinking about ideas, studying psychology, philosophy, and mental and physical health. I strive to apply my degree in healthcare (occupational therapy) to explain concepts as clearly as possible, based on current research findings.

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